熱軋滑輪工藝

　　滑(hua)輪(lun)(lun)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)流程(cheng)(cheng)　　一．選材：　　滑(hua)輪(lun)(lun)板采(cai)用(yong)Q345號鋼(gang)；內圈采(cai)用(yong)20號鋼(gang)鍛打件。　　二．流程(cheng)(cheng)　　1．下料(liao)：使(shi)用(yong)仿形割(ge)刀，割(ge)滑(hua)輪(lun)(lun)片(pian)外(wai)圓(yuan)、內孔以(yi)(yi)及(ji)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)孔。　　2．車板：上車床車外(wai)圓(yuan)、內孔以(yi)(yi)及(ji)內孔倒角。　　3．整板：在進(jin)板材時(shi)，對板材的平整度控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，下料(liao)后(hou)仍(reng)需對滑(hua)輪(lun)(lun)片(pian)進(jin)行(xing)平整，以(yi)(yi)確保軋制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的精準(zhun)度。　　4．軋制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)：按(an)照圖(tu)(tu)紙(zhi)要(yao)求進(jin)行(xing)熱軋。　　5．焊接：采(cai)用(yong)50-6氣體保護焊絲進(jin)行(xing)焊接。　　6．粗加(jia)工(gong)(gong)：外(wai)圓(yuan)內孔放(fang)余(yu)量。　　7．拋(pao)(pao)丸：對滑(hua)輪(lun)(lun)外(wai)表(biao)進(jin)行(xing)拋(pao)(pao)丸處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)，且去除繩槽內熱軋時(shi)生(sheng)成(cheng)的氧(yang)化(hua)層（以(yi)(yi)便淬火處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)時(shi)，達到更好(hao)的效果(guo)）。　　8．高(gao)頻(pin)淬火：對滑(hua)輪(lun)(lun)繩槽內進(jin)行(xing)高(gao)頻(pin)淬火處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)，使(shi)繩槽表(biao)面硬度達到技術要(yao)求（HB280-HB320）。　　9．精加(jia)工(gong)(gong)：按(an)圖(tu)(tu)紙(zhi)要(yao)求精加(jia)工(gong)(gong)到位。　　10．產品自(zi)檢：按(an)標準(zhun)要(yao)求進(jin)行(xing)自(zi)檢，出(chu)自(zi)檢報告(gao)。　　11．油漆：底漆+面漆。　　三．出(chu)廠　　提供產品合格證以(yi)(yi)及(ji)自(zi)檢報告(gao)。　　滑(hua)輪(lun)(lun)淬火中　　

起(qi)重機三大構件常見問題及安全使用方法

　　起重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三大構件(jian)(jian)(jian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)吊(diao)(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)(gou)、鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)與(yu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。這(zhe)三大構件(jian)(jian)(jian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)旦出現問(wen)題(ti)，極易(yi)造(zao)成吊(diao)(diao)(diao)物(wu)墜落，甚至(zhi)造(zao)成嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傷亡事故。　　吊(diao)(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)(gou)常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)千斤(jin)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)脫鉤(gou)(gou)，也就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)當(dang)物(wu)體(ti)***不(bu)(bu)好(hao)(hao)，千斤(jin)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)夾角(jiao)超(chao)(chao)過120度(du)(du)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)吊(diao)(diao)(diao)運(yun)(yun)中(zhong)(zhong)鉤(gou)(gou)側向(xiang)被碰，重(zhong)(zhong)物(wu)底(di)部(bu)(bu)(bu)受(shou)擱時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)千斤(jin)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)從(cong)鉤(gou)(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)拽出。另(ling)(ling)(ling)外(wai)，由(you)于(yu)吊(diao)(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)(gou)系(xi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)灰鑄(zhu)鐵或(huo)(huo)(huo)鑄(zhu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)件(jian)(jian)(jian)材料制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)，其(qi)(qi)脆(cui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)大，不(bu)(bu)耐碰，易(yi)破裂(lie)，因(yin)(yin)此，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)吊(diao)(diao)(diao)物(wu)過程中(zhong)(zhong)，如果(guo)場地窄小(xiao)或(huo)(huo)(huo)者操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大意，滑輪(lun)(lun)(lun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)因(yin)(yin)碰撞而受(shou)損(sun)(sun)(sun)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)旦滑輪(lun)(lun)(lun)受(shou)損(sun)(sun)(sun)，其(qi)(qi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)緣(yuan)破口會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)造(zao)成對鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)切(qie)割，甚至(zhi)切(qie)斷(duan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)而引發事故。如果(guo)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者未及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)給(gei)吊(diao)(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)(gou)滑輪(lun)(lun)(lun)加(jia)(jia)油(you)(you)，滑輪(lun)(lun)(lun)可因(yin)(yin)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)不(bu)(bu)靈(ling)活(huo)而導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)槽(cao)底(di)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)量(liang)超(chao)(chao)標，久(jiu)之，滑輪(lun)(lun)(lun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)半裂(lie)開(kai)來，吊(diao)(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)(gou)就會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)發行(xing)事故。不(bu)(bu)僅如此，當(dang)槽(cao)底(di)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)量(liang)增(zeng)大時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)使(shi)(shi)得鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)嵌入(ru)量(liang)國(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)深，增(zeng)大磨(mo)擦(ca)(ca)阻(zu)力(li)(li)，從(cong)而導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)嵌入(ru)量(liang)加(jia)(jia)深，增(zeng)大阻(zu)力(li)(li)，從(cong)而導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)拉毛而加(jia)(jia)速(su)報廢。　　起重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)三大構件(jian)(jian)(jian)常(chang)見問(wen)題(ti)及(ji)安全使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)方法　　鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)常(chang)見問(wen)題(ti)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)以(yi)人為因(yin)(yin)素較多(duo)。例如操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)與(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些設備及(ji)建(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)經常(chang)磨(mo)擦(ca)(ca)、刮碰，導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)外(wai)層局部(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、變(bian)(bian)形(xing)；操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)卷筒(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)卷筒(tong)(tong)上(shang)多(duo)層卷繞混(hun)亂；吊(diao)(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)(gou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)空中(zhong)(zhong)經常(chang)打(da)轉，鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)扭結；鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)期(qi)缺油(you)(you)使(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)表(biao)面銹蝕；鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)經常(chang)受(shou)到(dao)高(gao)溫灼(zhuo)烤以(yi)及(ji)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)碰到(dao)電力(li)(li)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)線而燒損(sun)(sun)(sun)等也是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)引起事故的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)致(zhi)(zhi)因(yin)(yin)。　　制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)有：制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)主彈(dan)簧損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞或(huo)(huo)(huo)調節(jie)過松，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)矩不(bu)(bu)足；制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)閘瓦(wa)過度(du)(du)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)露出帽釘，導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)磨(mo)擦(ca)(ca)力(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)夠，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)剎(cha)不(bu)(bu)住重(zhong)(zhong)物(wu)；制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)杠(gang)(gang)桿(gan)(gan)鎖緊螺母松動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，杠(gang)(gang)桿(gan)(gan)竄(cuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)杠(gang)(gang)桿(gan)(gan)系(xi)統各關(guan)節(jie)被卡(ka)住等影響(xiang)抱(bao)閘；制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)閘瓦(wa)開(kai)度(du)(du)間(jian)(jian)隙不(bu)(bu)正(zheng)常(chang)，有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)打(da)開(kai)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)邊(bian)閘瓦(wa)間(jian)(jian)隙多(duo)達(da)2至(zhi)3mm，而另(ling)(ling)(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)邊(bian)產加(jia)(jia)瓦(wa)還貼在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)上(shang)，使(shi)(shi)得閘瓦(wa)和(he)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)，重(zhong)(zhong)載時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)則無法剎(cha)住車。另(ling)(ling)(ling)外(wai)，剎(cha)車太緊也是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)利(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，因(yin)(yin)為當(dang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)打(da)開(kai)間(jian)(jian)隙小(xiao)于(yu)正(zheng)常(chang)值(zhi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阻(zu)力(li)(li)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)增(zeng)大，往往會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)嗅到(dao)焦皮(pi)味(wei)，當(dang)磨(mo)擦(ca)(ca)發生熱(re)膨(peng)脹時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，反而會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)剎(cha)不(bu)(bu)住車而發生事故。　　要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)起重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)三大構件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，防(fang)(fang)止意外(wai)事故的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發生，這(zhe)就要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求每(mei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)起重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)單位(wei)及(ji)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者必須做到(dao)：　　一(yi)(yi)(yi)、要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)吊(diao)(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)脫鉤(gou)(gou)裝置完好(hao)(hao)，吊(diao)(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)(gou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)防(fang)(fang)碰撞；要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)勤給(gei)各潤(run)(run)滑點加(jia)(jia)油(you)(you)；發現處裂(lie)紋、破口或(huo)(huo)(huo)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)量(liang)超(chao)(chao)過標要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)更換滑輪(lun)(lun)(lun)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)勤檢(jian)查鉤(gou)(gou)身，發現裂(lie)紋和(he)鉤(gou)(gou)口磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)量(liang)超(chao)(chao)過厚度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)10%以(yi)及(ji)開(kai)口度(du)(du)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)整改。值(zhi)得注意的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，吊(diao)(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)(gou)缺陷不(bu)(bu)得補焊(han)處理(li)。　　二(er)、鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)避免銳角(jiao)曲折(zhe)。起重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、加(jia)(jia)速(su)度(du)(du)均需緩慢，防(fang)(fang)止鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)受(shou)力(li)(li)過猛二(er)崩斷(duan)。起重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電力(li)(li)線旁邊(bian)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)注意與(yu)電力(li)(li)線保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)有足夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全距離，防(fang)(fang)止鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)碰上(shang)電力(li)(li)線而燒損(sun)(sun)(sun)。當(dang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)與(yu)建(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)、設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尖角(jiao)接觸時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)墊(dian)上(shang)木(mu)塊。鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)應(ying)(ying)整齊排(pai)列在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)卷筒(tong)(tong)上(shang)，不(bu)(bu)得混(hun)亂，避免受(shou)壓(ya)(ya)損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)邊(bian)不(bu)(bu)得燒焊(han)，防(fang)(fang)止高(gao)溫電弧和(he)焊(han)渣灼(zhuo)傷鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)過短時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)(bu)得采(cai)取(qu)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法從(cong)新(xin)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)養(yang)，經常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)煤油(you)(you)等清(qing)洗劑洗去鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污垢，并(bing)(bing)注意將潤(run)(run)滑油(you)(you)蘸浸入(ru)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人員(yuan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)每(mei)天檢(jian)查一(yi)(yi)(yi)次鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，注意檢(jian)查鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)、斷(duan)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、腐蝕、直徑變(bian)(bian)化(hua)以(yi)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)它物(wu)理(li)、化(hua)學(xue)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)，并(bing)(bing)注意檢(jian)查繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)端的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固定(ding)狀況。　　三、起重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人員(yuan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)認(ren)真檢(jian)查制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)零部(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)運(yun)(yun)轉正(zheng)常(chang)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)卡(ka)塞，閘瓦(wa)間(jian)(jian)隙是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)合(he)適，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)倫表(biao)面是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)良好(hao)(hao)，調整螺母是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)緊固。對于(yu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潤(run)(run)滑每(mei)周應(ying)(ying)進行(xing)二(er)次，但注意不(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)將潤(run)(run)滑油(you)(you)沾在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)摩擦(ca)(ca)部(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)上(shang)。若(ruo)閘瓦(wa)、制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)、小(xiao)軸、心(xin)軸等處磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)量(liang)超(chao)(chao)標；主彈(dan)簧、輔助彈(dan)簧出現斷(duan)裂(lie)或(huo)(huo)(huo)塑(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)；制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)等處出現裂(lie)紋；制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電磁(ci)鐵、電力(li)(li)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)堆桿(gan)(gan)等出現故障(zhang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，因(yin)(yin)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)修(xiu)理(li)，不(bu)(bu)得帶病(bing)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)，確保(bao)(bao)安全。　　免責聲(sheng)明：本(ben)文(wen)(wen)援引自廠商或(huo)(huo)(huo)其(qi)(qi)他媒(mei)體(ti)，與(yu)新(xin)鄉市昊達(da)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)有限公司無關(guan)。其(qi)(qi)原創性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)以(yi)及(ji)文(wen)(wen)中(zhong)(zhong)陳述(shu)文(wen)(wen)字和(he)內容未經本(ben)站(zhan)證(zheng)實(shi)，對本(ben)文(wen)(wen)以(yi)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)全部(bu)(bu)(bu)或(huo)(huo)(huo)者部(bu)(bu)(bu)分內容、文(wen)(wen)字的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真實(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、完整性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)本(ben)站(zhan)不(bu)(bu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)任何(he)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)或(huo)(huo)(huo)承諾(nuo)，請讀(du)者僅作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)參考，并(bing)(bing)請自行(xing)核(he)實(shi)相關(guan)內容!　　

緩沖器在起重機中(zhong)的應(ying)用

　　懸臂(bei)吊是現代生產中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)首要(yao)設(she)備(bei)，為了確保起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)，必(bi)需要(yao)裝置一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)配件來削減甚至避免事(shi)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發作(zuo)，下面就和我們說說各(ge)種(zhong)緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用。　　緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)上(shang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)減緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)由于慣性而(er)發作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，削減沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)擊，避免磕(ke)碰等事(shi)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發作(zuo)。在同一(yi)(yi)(yi)軌道上(shang)運(yun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)之間以(yi)(yi)及在同一(yi)(yi)(yi)橋架(jia)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)雙小車之間也(ye)應(ying)當(dang)設(she)置緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)品種(zhong)較(jiao)多(duo)，并且效果也(ye)不(bu)相同。　　一(yi)(yi)(yi)、實體緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　　1、橡膠緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)：這種(zhong)緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)構造簡略(lve)，但它所能(neng)(neng)(neng)吸(xi)收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)較(jiao)小，通常用于起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)運(yun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速度(du)不(bu)超越50/min的(de)(de)(de)(de)場合(he)，首要(yao)起(qi)到(dao)阻撓效果。　　2、聚氨酯緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)：聚氨酯泡沫塑料緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)吸(xi)收(shou)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)大，緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)好，耐油(you)、耐老化、耐酸、耐腐蝕、耐高(gao)溫低溫，絕(jue)緣(yuan)又防爆等運(yun)用廣泛。　　二、繃(beng)(beng)簧(huang)緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　　繃(beng)(beng)簧(huang)緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)首要(yao)由碰頭、繃(beng)(beng)簧(huang)和殼體構成(cheng)。其特點是組織比較(jiao)簡略(lve)，運(yun)用牢靠。當(dang)起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)撞到(dao)繃(beng)(beng)簧(huang)緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)時，其能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)首要(yao)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變為繃(beng)(beng)簧(huang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)緊縮能(neng)(neng)(neng)。通過改善(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)帶止(zhi)彈組織的(de)(de)(de)(de)繃(beng)(beng)簧(huang)緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)避免反(fan)彈力。　　三、液壓(ya)緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　　當(dang)緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)遭到(dao)磕(ke)碰壓(ya)力時，動(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)經塞(sai)頭和加快繃(beng)(beng)簧(huang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)給(gei)活(huo)塞(sai)，使(shi)其向右運(yun)動(dong)(dong)。本來緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)作(zuo)腔(qiang)內裝有一(yi)(yi)(yi)個復位繃(beng)(beng)簧(huang)、頂桿以(yi)(yi)及油(you)液。活(huo)塞(sai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)揉(rou)捏工(gong)作(zuo)腔(qiang)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)液，使(shi)其復位繃(beng)(beng)簧(huang)緊縮，一(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi)使(shi)油(you)液從活(huo)塞(sai)與頂桿之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)空隙揉(rou)捏出來，進入貯油(you)腔(qiang)。　　除了緩(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)外，還(huan)有許多(duo)設(she)備(bei)都是為了維護起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)設(she)備(bei)而(er)裝置。此(ci)外，為了確保安全(quan)必(bi)需要(yao)恪守操(cao)作(zuo)規矩，做好自我維護措(cuo)施，將(jiang)風險度(du)降到(dao)***低　　

起重機(ji)各部位配(pei)件報廢標準

　　制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)標(biao)準是什(shen)么(me)？　　答(da)(da)(da)案(an)(an)：制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爪(zhua)痕深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)或(huo)(huo)(huo)徑(jing)向磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)1.5mm時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)新車(che)(che)(che)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)并(bing)熱處理。起(qi)升機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)其磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)量(liang)超過原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)40%時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)；運(yun)(yun)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)其磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)量(liang)超過原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)60%時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。　　橋式起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)修包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)(nei)容有哪(na)(na)些？　　答(da)(da)(da)案(an)(an)：大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)修包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)：機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)：各(ge)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)全(quan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)解(jie)，包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)器(qi)、聯軸(zhou)器(qi)、卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)筒(tong)(tong)組、車(che)(che)(che)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)組和(he)(he)(he)(he)取物(wu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置等，更(geng)(geng)(geng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)應(ying)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)零部(bu)(bu)(bu)件，清(qing)洗后(hou)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)新裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配并(bing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)油(you)(you)潤(run)滑(hua)。更(geng)(geng)(geng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)及制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)。　　電(dian)氣部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)：要分(fen)解(jie)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，烘干(gan)、組裝(zhuang)(zhuang)并(bing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)油(you)(you)潤(run)滑(hua)。更(geng)(geng)(geng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)破(po)(po)損(sun)(sun)(sun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，更(geng)(geng)(geng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)打開裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置，更(geng)(geng)(geng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)破(po)(po)損(sun)(sun)(sun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)，檢(jian)(jian)修或(huo)(huo)(huo)更(geng)(geng)(geng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保護(hu)柜，更(geng)(geng)(geng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)全(quan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)線(xian)(xian)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)線(xian)(xian)，重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)新配線(xian)(xian)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)，更(geng)(geng)(geng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)照明(ming)信號系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板。　　金屬(shu)結(jie)構(gou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)：對(dui)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)下(xia)(xia)撓、旁彎的(de)(de)(de)(de)主梁進行(xing)矯正和(he)(he)(he)(he)加(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)，對(dui)整(zheng)臺起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)要清(qing)洗干(gan)凈并(bing)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)涂防(fang)銹漆兩(liang)(liang)遍(bian)。　　車(che)(che)(che)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)標(biao)準是什(shen)么(me)？　　答(da)(da)(da)案(an)(an)：當(dang)車(che)(che)(che)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)下(xia)(xia)列情(qing)況之一(yi)(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)：(1)有裂(lie)(lie)紋(wen)(wen)。(2)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)50%。(3)踏面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)15%。(4)當(dang)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)低(di)于(yu)(yu)(yu)50m/min，線(xian)(xian)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)廓(kuo)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)1mm；或(huo)(huo)(huo)當(dang)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)50m/min，線(xian)(xian)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)廓(kuo)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)0.5mm。(5)踏面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)麻點，當(dang)車(che)(che)(che)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)直徑(jing)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)500mm，麻點直徑(jing)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)1mm；或(huo)(huo)(huo)車(che)(che)(che)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)直徑(jing)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)500mm，麻點直徑(jing)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)1.5mm，且深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)3mm，數量(liang)多于(yu)(yu)(yu)5處。　　吊(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)(gou)放到(dao)***低(di)位置時(shi)(shi)(shi)，卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)筒(tong)(tong)兩(liang)(liang)邊(bian)(bian)各(ge)應(ying)保留多少(shao)圈鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)？為(wei)(wei)什(shen)么(me)？　　答(da)(da)(da)案(an)(an)：1)當(dang)吊(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)(gou)放到(dao)***低(di)位置時(shi)(shi)(shi)，卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)筒(tong)(tong)兩(liang)(liang)邊(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)***少(shao)各(ge)應(ying)保留兩(liang)(liang)圈以(yi)上(shang)，　　2)因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)是靠壓板固(gu)(gu)定在(zai)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)筒(tong)(tong)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，只有保留兩(liang)(liang)圈以(yi)上(shang)，才(cai)能(neng)(neng)使(shi)(shi)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)與卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)筒(tong)(tong)產生(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)(yi)個很大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)擦力(li)(li)，減(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)壓板的(de)(de)(de)(de)拉(la)力(li)(li)，防(fang)止(zhi)吊(diao)(diao)著負荷時(shi)(shi)(shi)將鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)從(cong)壓板下(xia)(xia)抽出(chu)(chu)或(huo)(huo)(huo)將壓板螺釘拉(la)斷而(er)發生(sheng)(sheng)事(shi)故(gu)。　　齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)聯軸(zhou)器(qi)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)迅(xun)速(su)(su)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin)及提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)其使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)施(shi)是什(shen)么(me)？　　答(da)(da)(da)案(an)(an)：答(da)(da)(da)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)聯軸(zhou)器(qi)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)迅(xun)速(su)(su)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin)如下(xia)(xia)：　　1)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)精度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)差，兩(liang)(liang)軸(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)偏(pian)移大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，內(nei)(nei)外齒(chi)(chi)嚙合(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)正，局部(bu)(bu)(bu)接(jie)觸應(ying)力(li)(li)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)。　　2)潤(run)滑(hua)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)好，由于(yu)(yu)(yu)它(ta)是無(wu)相對(dui)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聯接(jie)形(xing)式，油(you)(you)脂(zhi)被擠出(chu)(chu)后(hou)無(wu)法(fa)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)補充，故(gu)可能(neng)(neng)處于(yu)(yu)(yu)干(gan)摩(mo)(mo)擦狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)傳遞(di)力(li)(li)矩，因(yin)(yin)(yin)而(er)加(jia)(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)了(le)(le)齒(chi)(chi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)破(po)(po)壞。　　3)在(zai)高(gao)(gao)溫環(huan)境下(xia)(xia)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，潤(run)滑(hua)油(you)(you)因(yin)(yin)(yin)被烘干(gan)，而(er)使(shi)(shi)潤(run)滑(hua)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)變(bian)壞，加(jia)(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)了(le)(le)齒(chi)(chi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)破(po)(po)壞。　　4)違反操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)規(gui)程(cheng)，經常(chang)(chang)反車(che)(che)(che)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)了(le)(le)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)齒(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)破(po)(po)損(sun)(sun)(sun)。　　提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)聯軸(zhou)器(qi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵(jian)措(cuo)施(shi)是：　　提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)各(ge)部(bu)(bu)(bu)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)精度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)強日常(chang)(chang)檢(jian)(jian)查和(he)(he)(he)(he)定期潤(run)滑(hua)，同時(shi)(shi)(shi)還要遵守操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)規(gui)程(cheng)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)，操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)技術。　　起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鍛(duan)(duan)造(zao)吊(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)標(biao)準。　　答(da)(da)(da)案(an)(an)：對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)鍛(duan)(duan)造(zao)吊(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)(gou)其報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)標(biao)準為(wei)(wei)：(1)吊(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)(gou)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)有裂(lie)(lie)紋(wen)(wen)、破(po)(po)口(kou)，發現(xian)裂(lie)(lie)紋(wen)(wen)破(po)(po)口(kou)，應(ying)立即更(geng)(geng)(geng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)允(yun)許補焊(han)。(2)吊(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)(gou)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)截(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(掛繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)處)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)量(liang)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)高(gao)(gao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)10%時(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。(3)吊(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鉤(gou)(gou)口(kou)，鉤(gou)(gou)頸及危險截(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)發生(sheng)(sheng)永久變(bian)形(xing)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)；鉤(gou)(gou)口(kou)開口(kou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)超過原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)尺寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)15%應(ying)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。(4)鉤(gou)(gou)尾和(he)(he)(he)(he)螺紋(wen)(wen)過渡截(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)有刀痕或(huo)(huo)(huo)裂(lie)(lie)紋(wen)(wen)時(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。　　引(yin)起(qi)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin)有哪(na)(na)些？　　引(yin)起(qi)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin)有:　　(1)轉子(zi)質量(liang)偏(pian)心(xin)(xin)；　　(2)定子(zi)鐵芯在(zai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)殼內(nei)(nei)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)得不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)牢(lao)固(gu)(gu)；　　(3)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)軸(zhou)頭彎曲或(huo)(huo)(huo)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)軸(zhou)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)偏(pian)心(xin)(xin)；　　(4)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)腳螺絲(si)(si)松動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)；　　(5)轉子(zi)電(dian)路接(jie)觸不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)良，或(huo)(huo)(huo)定子(zi)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組匝間短路，產生(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)平(ping)衡的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)磁力(li)(li)矩；　　(6)軸(zhou)承磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)，間隙超過允(yun)許范圍。　　外部(bu)(bu)(bu)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin)有:　　(1)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)與被驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同心(xin)(xin)；　　(2)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發生(sheng)(sheng)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，并(bing)傳遞(di)到(dao)與之相聯接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)上(shang)；　　(3)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)底(di)座鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)結(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)剛性不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足。　　制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)標(biao)準是什(shen)么(me)？　　答(da)(da)(da)案(an)(an)：(1)有裂(lie)(lie)紋(wen)(wen)；　　(2)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)凹凸不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)平(ping)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)1mm或(huo)(huo)(huo)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)摩(mo)(mo)擦傷深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)2mm；　　(3)起(qi)升機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)40%　　(4)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)50%。　　減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)器(qi)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)什(shen)么(me)程(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)應(ying)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)？　　答(da)(da)(da)案(an)(an)：(1)齒(chi)(chi)斷及裂(lie)(lie)紋(wen)(wen)；(2)起(qi)升機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)器(qi)***根軸(zhou)上(shang)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)5%時(shi)(shi)(shi)，其余各(ge)軸(zhou)上(shang)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)齒(chi)(chi)厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)20%時(shi)(shi)(shi)，運(yun)(yun)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)器(qi)內(nei)(nei)***根軸(zhou)上(shang)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)10%時(shi)(shi)(shi)，其余各(ge)軸(zhou)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)30～40%時(shi)(shi)(shi)；(3)齒(chi)(chi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)點蝕(shi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)應(ying)超過齒(chi)(chi)高(gao)(gao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)寬的(de)(de)(de)(de)60%。　　啃軌(gui)造(zao)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)危害有哪(na)(na)些？　　答(da)(da)(da)案(an)(an)：(1)降低(di)車(che)(che)(che)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)；(2)增大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)阻力(li)(li)，增加(jia)(jia)(jia)能(neng)(neng)耗，嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)則開不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)車(che)(che)(che)；(3)由于(yu)(yu)(yu)啃軌(gui)使(shi)(shi)整(zheng)臺車(che)(che)(che)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)較大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，致使(shi)(shi)緊(jin)固(gu)(gu)件松動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，同時(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)影響廠房結(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)；(4)啃軌(gui)嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)可能(neng)(neng)爬上(shang)軌(gui)頂(ding)造(zao)成脫軌(gui)事(shi)故(gu)。　　潤(run)滑(hua)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)？　　答(da)(da)(da)案(an)(an)：潤(run)滑(hua)油(you)(you)是用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)各(ge)種(zhong)類(lei)型(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)上(shang)以(yi)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)摩(mo)(mo)擦，保護(hu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)及加(jia)(jia)(jia)工件的(de)(de)(de)(de)液體潤(run)滑(hua)劑，主要起(qi)潤(run)滑(hua)、冷卻、防(fang)銹、清(qing)潔(jie)、密封和(he)(he)(he)(he)緩(huan)沖等作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。　　卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)筒(tong)(tong)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)什(shen)么(me)情(qing)況應(ying)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)？　　答(da)(da)(da)案(an)(an)：卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)筒(tong)(tong)是卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、傳遞(di)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)、把旋(xuan)轉運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)轉換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)成直線(xian)(xian)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)筒(tong)(tong)通常(chang)(chang)為(wei)(wei)圓柱(zhu)形(xing)，有單層(ceng)(ceng)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)多層(ceng)(ceng)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)。一(yi)(yi)般采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)灰口(kou)鑄鐵，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)型(xing)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)筒(tong)(tong)可用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板焊(han)成。當(dang)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)筒(tong)(tong)①裂(lie)(lie)紋(wen)(wen)或(huo)(huo)(huo)邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)破(po)(po)損(sun)(sun)(sun)；②卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)筒(tong)(tong)壁磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)量(liang)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)壁厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)20%應(ying)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。　　卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)筒(tong)(tong)有裂(lie)(lie)紋(wen)(wen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)允(yun)許焊(han)接(jie)，應(ying)該更(geng)(geng)(geng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)；磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)量(liang)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)筒(tong)(tong)壁厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)20%時(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)更(geng)(geng)(geng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)；砂(sha)眼、氣孔直徑(jing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)8毫米，深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)超過壁厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)25%，且每100毫米不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)超過1，砂(sha)眼氣孔應(ying)進行(xing)焊(han)補磨(mo)光。　　鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)筒(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)筒(tong)(tong)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)下(xia)(xia)列情(qing)況之一(yi)(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei):　　①裂(lie)(lie)紋(wen)(wen)。　　②卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)筒(tong)(tong)壁磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)量(liang)超過原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)來(lai)壁厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)20%。　　啃道(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin)是什(shen)么(me)？　　答(da)(da)(da)案(an)(an)：主要原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin)是：⑴車(che)(che)(che)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)標(biao)準；⑵軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)標(biao)準；⑶傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)誤差和(he)(he)(he)(he)卡塞；⑷車(che)(che)(che)架偏(pian)斜、變(bian)形(xing)；⑸大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)梁金屬(shu)結(jie)構(gou)發生(sheng)(sheng)裂(lie)(lie)紋(wen)(wen)。